Car liner



1527,5380 H. RINGEL Feb, '17, 1925.

GAR LINER Filed April 5, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I 6% A: /'/Z8 ATTORNEY H. RINGEL Feb. 17, 1925.

CAR LINER Filed April 5, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Jam l-dy ng I. I.

Patented Feb. 17, 1925.

UNITED,

HEB-MAN almost, on NEWARK, new JERSEY.

CAB. LINER.

Application filed April 5, 1923.

ToaZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HERMAN RINGEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Im'- prove-ments in Car Liners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to improvements in freight car linings, of the box type, in which granular or pulverized substances, such for instance as,the smallergrains,wheat, oats, rye, etc, sugar; salt, chemicals, sand and the like,1particles of which will sift out through interstices between the elements of the car walls or flooring, knot andnail holes, and similar openings that are invariably present.

It is known that linings for avoiding such occurrences are in use, the same being usually made of paper tacked to the inner surfaces of the car walls, and which, due to their inelasticity, are frequently punctured .in assembling by blows of the hammer, fingersof the operator and other sources of inadvertent injury.

It is further apparent that, due to contraction and expansion of paper, when subjected to climatic or tempermatic changes, the linings crack or tear apart thereby becoming, at least locally, ineffective in the performance of their functions.

This condition is further aggravated by moisture which as is well-known, softens paper, making it easily vulnerable to punctures and tears, caused by shifting-of the load under usual train conditions of sudden shock, that vitiate the value of the easing and'frequently expose the cargo containedin the casing to entering rain or snow, creating'material damage.

It is therefore one important object of. the invention to provide a casing made of material that is both pliable and elastic, as well as possessing unusual strength, enabling it to resist punctures and fractures to a far greater extent than any ordinary cheap material used for such casings.

Another purpose is to produce a casing that is waterproof, thus not only insuring its own integrity but effectively protecting its contents. I

A further aim is inthe production of a casing covering the sides, ends, and bottom of a car and at the same time further protecting the cargo by preventing leaks througithe'roof from dropping on the materialspin the earl y Serial No. 629,995.

These several objects and others, such as cheapness of production, ease of application and ready portability, when rolled into a compact form prior to use, are accomplished by the novel material used in the construc tion and combination of parts hereafter described and graphically shown in the accompanying drawing, forming part of this disclosure, and in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a blank from which the lining is made, together with the wing elements which upon being folded constitute the sides.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same as folded to producea rectangular lining within the walls of a car.

Figure 3 is a similar view showing a modified form of liner having cover elements formed therewith.

Figure 4: is a transverse sectional view of a conventional freight car body showing an application of the invention.

Figure 5 is a perspective View of the liner, the sides being infolded and rolled into a compact bundle.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary detail view of a doubled thickness of the material having a waterproof filler, one corner ply being turned out to show the structure.

Figure 7 is a similar view of another type of like material.

The main elements of the car body shown in Fig. 4. are the longitudinal joists 1O supporting the floor 11, the side joists also having secured to them the side walls 12, and enclosed frame elements 13, adjacent the side and end walls, supporting transverse rafters 14 carrying a roof 15 which may be provided with ventilating means 16 below the running board 17.

At the ends of the rafters are rails or beams 18, similar rails 19 being above the floor 11 and intermediate thereof are other rails 20 interjacent the side and end walls except at the doors. I

' It is to be understood that the foregoing is merely generally descriptive of ordinary box car construction and forms: no part of the present invention. I

The novelty of the invention is largely in the use of strong crepe paper 21, either that shown in Fig. 7 formed to present a crinkly surface composed of short sinuous inter-1e lated corrugations 22, and used in single thickness, or the type illustrated in Fig. 6 in which two plies or thiclmesses 23 and 2a are held; together; by tt WatTjPrOQF adhesive, as indicated at 25,1..and *then transversely corrugated as at 22 in Fig. 6.

The lateral elongatign of this material is approximately thirty per cent and the longitudinal elongation nearly equal, sort-hat tearing bystretching cannot occur except under the most abnormal-circumstances.

This material, due to its toughness and elasticity, is able to withstandsevere usage, such ashammer blows, the thrust of dull implements and repeated strains, such as Wouldvrupture,perforate and destroy ordinary paper-of equivalent weight or even materially heavier, instantly recovering the normal condition and showing no eiiectfrom the usage to which it [is subjected.

This quality of endurance is far more ,pronounced in the doubled fabric, besides-preventing the passageof moisture from one side to the other, and-while ordinary paper fabrics become softened and hence-puncturable while in a moist'or. saturated condition, this cannotoccur in the double ply fabric because of the interposed Water-proofing.

In preparing the liner for use in a. car a strip 26 is cut from a roll, the length of the roll being equivalent to the width of thejcar, so asgto -form an integral floor covering which includes additionsQT adapted to be bent up at right angles to cover the end wallsof the car toa heightabove the plane to which it will be loaded.

Other rectangular sheets 28 are cut to conform to the side walls of the car and attached by cement, as indicatedat 29, to the floor covering, these sheets being bent up, like the end elements andto an equivalent height.

The upper edges of the end and sideelements are securedto the rails or car walls by thin strips of wood, as laths'80 or heavy strips of stout cardboard, the same being heldby tacksBl passing through the strips and material as shown.

At the space betweenthe inner. edges of the upturned sheets 28, which corresponds .to the car door openings, a separate strip of the same material, as indicatedb'y the broken lines at 32, is cut; to 'extend from the upper edges ofthe side elements 28, overthe floor covering and attached bya suitable adhesive along'the lines 33, the completedstructure being clearly apparent in Fig. 2.

In'themodification shown in Fig. ,3 the end; elements 27 are extended further up, as at 27"; tocover the entire end of-the car and then folded over, asat 34:, below. the car. roof-gtoprevent any leakage from damagingthe contents of the car.

In'stor-i-ng or shipping these liners, the Winger flap elements-28 are folded upon the main;strip-26, the center or door filler laid thereover and thestrip then rolled compactly as indicated-in Fig. 5.

1,527,oso=

Although the foregoing-is;descriptive of the preferred embodiment of the invention, it. willbe apparent that minor changes may be .made win its construction, without the exercise of invention or conflicting with the scope of the claims hereto appended.

Having thus described my invention,

whatI clai-in-as ne-w and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A car liner comprisedwholly of pliable, puncture resisting and Waterproofpaper crepedto produce anelasticeifect, comprising; an integral floor and end wall covering, aside wall covering connected to said floor covering having spaced inner ends to correspond to the car door ,openi-ngsfa'nd a means "for "covering'the 'space b'etween the ends of said side wallhcovering.

2. A car liner COHIP TlSGdWlIOdly o'f-one or more plies of pliable, fracture resisting, and waterproof "pap'er 'crjped 'toproducean elastic effect in all directions, comprising an integralyfioorand end "wallj covering, a side wall covering "connected-to said-floor covering and havingspaced; ends; the spaces corresponding to the car door openings, and a means for covering thesespace's; I

3. A car liner comprised wholly of one or moreplies oi-pliable, puncture andfracture resisting paper creped-to producean elastic effect in all directions,Land-waterproofed throughout, comprising an integral floor covering and end wall 'coveringa "1- larly disposedthereto, {a side wall covering door openings, and a separate strip of like material extending from the upper'edges-of said side, elements over said floorucovering and attached thereto;

5. A car-liner comprisingxa strip 'of ela'stic pliable, strong, puncture and fracture resistingv crepe paper extending along the bottom and ends ofth'ecar,and flaps eeinen'ted to theedges of said strip di o'sed at the sides of thecar, having spaced inner ends'corresponding to thecar door-"openings, and a separatestrip of like material extending 'from' the upper edges-of said side flaps and over thebottom strip, c'onnectedtherewith, said flaps being foldable on said strip and said strip ca ableof b'eingrolled into a compact bun '6'.

6. A car liner comprised wholly of-crpe paper capable: of stretching in all directions, composed of a single" integral stfi-p disposed over the entire floor, ends and below the roof of a car, flaps at the side Walls thereof secured to said strip, and a strip extending from the upper edges of said flaps to cover the spaces therebetween.

7. A car liner comprised Wholly of pliable, elastic, durable, puncture and fracture resisting crepe paper capable of stretching in all directions composed of a single integral strip disposed over the floor and ends of the car, flaps cemented thereto to line the side Walls,

having spaced inner ends, the spaces corresponding to the car door opemngs, and a strip secured at the ad -acent edges of sand flaps to cover the door opening, said strip 15 extending over the floor liner.

This specification signed and witnessed this third day of April, 1923.

HERMAN RINGEL. Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FISCHER, FERDINAND NALL. 

